On Wednesday evening, Parshas V’eschanon, the night preceding 14 AV the the current Liska Rebbe, HaRav Tzvi Hersh Friedlander , will commemorate the 142th yartzeit of Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska who was known throughout Hungary as the Ach Pri Tevuah, the tile of his sefer on Torah.
Yartzeit Seudah will be taking place Wednesday evening, preceding 14 Av/July 29 at the Liska Bais Hamedrash, located at 1449 50th Street, in the Boro Park section of Brooklyn commencing at 9:00pm with Maariv followed immediately with the Yartzeit Seudah which will be led by the current Liska Rebbe, Rav Tzvi Hersh Friedlander Shlita and attended by prominent descendants of the Ach Pri Tevuah, Rabonim and all those who feel a special connection to Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska and revere his legacy.
In virtue of his status as the preeminent Chasidic manhig in Hungary of his generation Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska’s influence was felt throughout his lifetime and for generations. As a result of his inspiring leadership Chasidus flourished in all regions of Hungary.
His Yartzeit along with the Yartzeits of the Reb Eizek of Kaliv and the Yismach Moshe of Uhel were the three yartzeits that attracted tens of thousands of participants in pre-war Hungary and where miraculous yeshous were recorded on those holy days.
This year as every year, the Yartzeit of Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska will be observed by Chasidim all over the world including Yerushalim, Bnei Brak, London, Antwerp, as well as in the United States in every Chasidisha community.
Most noticeable is the reverence of Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska in Satmar communities. It is told by Reb Ezriel Glick, longtime Gabbi of the late Satmar Rebbi, Rav Yoel Teitelbaum of sainted memory that he would only proceed to the blowing of the shofar on Rosh Hashanah each year without exception after he would remark to those surrounding him that “indeed it is true that Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska was a tzadik and would quote a dvar torah from him. Also not known but the Satmar Rebbe gave a unique bracha to the current Liska Rebbe, Rav Tzvi Hersh Friedlander Shlita that “he should be zocha “Lehachzer Ateres Le’yoshna” alluding to his exalted ancestry.
As is his custom the Liska Rebbe sends a shaliach to Liska for the yartzeit–this year his nephew Rabbi Yisroel Friedlander son of the Hivnover Rav will be traveling and taking along all the kvitlich received by the Liska Rebbe.
BACKGROUND
Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska
Chasidim relate that the Baal Shem Tov instructed his followers that if they relate a story about him on a Motzei Shabbos after his histalkus it would be a segula for yiras shomayim. Others added that not only on Motzei shabbos, but on Friday night as well. Other tzadikim added that not only on Friday night would be a special time to relate about the Baal Shem Tov, but throughout the week as well. Other tzadikim spoke about the segula of yiras shomayim can be attained by relating a story of any tzadik, any day of the week.
Not only relating relating a story about a tzadik, but by reading a story about a tzadik can bring yiras shomayim.
Introduction
This year marks over 200 years since the birth Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska known throughout the chadishe world as Reb Hershele Liska, also commonly refered as the Ach Pri Tevuah after his famous sefer on the Torah. He was revered for his extraordinary piety, vast Torah scholarship, and enormous wisdom. During his reign as the rav of the town of Liska, chasidus flourished and his leadership inspired the growth of chasidus throughout Hungary.
The Ach Pri Tevuah was a talmid muvhak of the Yismach Moshe of Uhel, from whom he accepted all minhagim. He was very close to the Divrei Chaim of Sanz, who began his haskama on the sefer Ach Pri Tevuah with “It has been a short while since the Aron Elokim was taken from us, my friend harav, hagaon, hatzadik, betzina kedusha… and I have no doubt that every one will acquire the sefer, who saw his exulted holiness and pureness and will bring this holy manuscript to their home,” -such was the esteem that Divrei Chaim of Sanz held his contemporary Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska, who in his lifetime was considered the rebbi of Hungary.
Rav Tzvi Hersh also authored the sefer Hayosher V’Hatov, a commentary on the Shas and Yomim Tovim.
Family background
The Ach Pri Tevuah was born in Uhel in 1908 to his father, Reb Aharon and his mother, Sorah. He was orphaned at a very young age by his father who according to Chasidic lore was a tzadik nister. His mother too was a famous tzadekes, whom his spoke often about in loving terms. They had an extraordinary connection. Reb Tzvi Hersh stated that he never heard his parents speak to each other other than the subject how to raise their children according to Torah. In fact, his rebetzin, the tzadikes Krincha, once asked him “Why do you spend so much time with your mother in discussion with her and with me you minimize talking?” Rav Tzvi Hersh responded “Every word that I speak to my mother, I get a mitzvah of kibud Av’vem.”
Every year he would visit he would visit the grave of his parents upon the yortzait of the Yismach Moshe ZATZAL.
Holy Origins
A story is told that there were several unscrupulous individuals who wanted to frame the Yismach Moshe with a fabricated bilbul. Reb Hershel’s mother, who was than a girl took upon herself to cooperate with the accusers and made her self available to give testimony confirming the accusation against the holy Yismach Moshe. Upon appearing before the bais din, she turned around and publicly stated “These are a group of unscrupulous individuals, who wanted me give false testimony. And I took upon myself to cooperate as I feared that another girl would be tempted by the money offered.” The Yismach Moshe than blessed her that she will merit a son that will light the world with his holiness.
Another story that is printed in the sefer Darkei Hayosher V’hatov authored by the einekil of Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska , that the Kedushas Levi of Barditchev was visiting the town on the very day of the wedding of Rav Tzvi Hersh’s parents. The kallah was given the honor of cooking and preparing the Kedusah Levi’s meals. He sensed certain uniqueness about the person cooking the meal and acquired who prepared it. Upon being told that the girl who prepared the meal is getting married that day, the Kedushas Levi blessed her with a son who will be a light upon this world.
Youth
The Ach Pri Tevuah studied in the yeshiva of Rav Hersh Charif, the rav of Bonyhad, the author of the sefer Tiv Gitten. His chavrusah with whom he developed a very close friendship was the famous Gaon, Rav Shlomo Ganzfried, author of the Bal Kitzur Shulchan Aruch. This friendship lasted throughout their lifetime and many stories attest to their extraordinary closeness.
Upon returning to Uhel after spending years in the Yeshiva in Bonyhad, Reb Tzvi Hersh studied under the great Gaon and tzadik, Rav Moshe Teitelbaum, author of the Yismach Moshe. His chavrusah was his einikel, the future founder of the Sigheter dynasty Rav Yekuseul Yehuda Teitelbaum, author of the sefer Yetev Lev.
Leadership
Reb Tzvi Hersh once went to spend shabbos in the court of Rav Meir of Premishlan. Leaving Premishlan to return home, he passed Lemberg. Upon crossing the border his passport was taken away and held up until Wednesday. He thought to himself that he doesn’t have enough time to return home before shabbos, so he would return to Premishlan. Upon nearing the home of Rav Meir, he heard the Rav Meir’l screaming “It used to be that when a yungeman traveled to his rebbe, he would allocate two or three weeks and nowadays one comes to spend only one shabbos and returns home immediately. I am therefore forced to take his passport that he should return here.” Rav Meir of Premishlan to Tzvi Hersh that it says in the Torah, “Make for yourself two silver trumpets. In one you blow in, and in the other one you blow out. To give, you are allowed to give everyone. Taking, you are not allowed from everyone.” Then, Rav Meir’l took out a kvitel and said “Look, someone brought me a bottle of sugar, but I refused to accept it, because it was stolen.” And Rav Meir’l instructed Reb Tzvi Hersh to read the kvitel, but Reb Tzvi Hersh was reluctant to read it. Rav Meir’l asked him “why aren’t you reading it. You are a yid, a lamdin, imagine that this is a shtikel Marsh”u or a shtikel Maharam Shif. After this episode, Reb Tzvi Hersh became famous as a manhig yisroel, whom Rav Meir of Premishlan declared “The keys to Hungary I convey to Reb Tzvi Hersh of Liska.”
Wisdom
Reb Tzvi Hersh of Liska was once approached and asked “Is it a mitzvah to disparage a Talmud chacham who doesn’t conduct himself in the ways of chasidus?” He responded by admonishing “even if I were to agree with you that it is a mitzvah, even you would have to admit that you would have to admit that blowing shofar on Rosh Hashana is a bigger mitzvah. And even then, only one person blows the shofar and every one else is yotze by listening.”
With Gedoilai HaTorah
A close friendship existed between the Liska Rav and the Kesav Sofer (son of Chasam Sofer). He once attended the wedding of his son the Erloiyer Rov Rav Shimon Sofer Zatzal which took place in the city of Kleinvarden. Before the Liska Rov took leave he visited his host who desired to bequest him with a silver Esrog box saying “I want the Liska Rov to remember me”. The Liska Rov declined the gift saying “I will remember you well-the Gemara states in Mesechtas Chulin “two wondrous occurrences that take place one after another people remember ” A Rov should want to give and a Rebbe should not want to accept to into that category” he chuckled and accepted his gift. Upon taking leave he said “Liska Rov I want to become mechutunim with you-the Liska Rov responded not us but our children but our children will be “meshadich with each other-the grandson of the Kesav Sofer married a granddaughter of the Liska Rov.
How to conduct a debate in learning
Rav Tzvi Hersh often visited the holy Divrei Chaim, Rav Chaim Halberstam, the Sanzer Rov. On the return trip of one his visits to Sanz where he took along his son-in-law and successor Rav Chaim Friedlander, the author of Tal Chaim, to told him, “I will teach you how to conduct a debate in learning: You state a chidush in learning and if the listener will respond with their opposing opinion to your chidush you should once again state your position and if you notice that your listeners understand what you are saying and despite that, they continue to not accept your viewpoint you should not continue the debate-the reason being they know what you are saying, and you know their response therefore it is futile to continue the debate endlessly”. The Liska Rov elaborated “you witnessed how I conducted my halachic debate with the Sanzer Rov. (It concerned a topic pertaining to the subject of dried out grapes when the non-Jewish workers out of sight squzzed out the essence out of the grapes which is derived from the moisture of those grapes which creates a question if this liquid moisture is considered in the category of wine thus crating a problem of yayin nesech) The Liska Rov’s opinion was that this is not considered to be a form of wine while the Sanzer Rov adamantly stated otherwise. “I first stated my opinion” the Liska Rov said “and the Sanzer Rov vehemently opposed my position-I again reiterated my viewpoint and the Sanzer Rov did not accept my opinion despite my repeated explanation. At that point I choose not to continue the debate any longer because I realized he knows my position and despite that he does not agree with me therefore it would be pointless to endlessly continue the discussion. It is noteworthy to add that the Sanzer Rov brought a supporting source to the position of the Liska Rov from a Gemara in Kesubis 27.
Ahavas Yisroel & Tzadakah
When Rav Chaim Fishel Sofer, the Rov of Nanush, who was a prominent talmid and chusid of the Liska Rov once came to visit his Rebbe-the Liska Ruv said “good that you arrived I have a din torah with my Rebbetzin and you will be the Dayan. Let me tell you a story. In my younger years I once on my home retuning from Kaliv after participating the yartzit of Reb Eizik of Kaliv ZATZAL, and I did not posses even one coin in my procession for the trip home. There was a distinguished lady from the Kupas Tazadakh who regularly provided me with financial help. On this particular trip as I was passing thru and I anticipated her help but it was not forthcoming—with no choice I continued on my journey by foot without a single coin in my pocket. At the outskirts of the town of Tokay I met a man who told me –Reb Hershale if you are willing to spend the night by me I will tomorrow provide you transportation home with my wagon-of coarse it was difficult to continue by foot so I accepted his offer. He provided me with a meal and the next morning he sent to my home with his wagon along with a sack full of potatoes. Now this person became a “Yored” and he lost all his material wealth. He currently lives in Liska and he also very sick. I have to provide for him and his family in addition to covering his medical expenses. Now my Rebbetzin has a complaint that I should give her money to provide a bekasha for my son-in-law Reb Chaim. Now I ask you to decide to pasken for what cause is this money more important that I should utilize?
Business Relationships
Rav Yoizef Goldberg ZATZAL (whom the Sanzer Rov ZATZAL titled him harav, hacharif, hachosid, chosida uprisha “with son-in-law of the Liska Ruv approached his father-in-law and expressed himself “the shver gives brachos to all those that seek him out and yet I your son-in-law am not zocheh? Rav Tzvi Hersh replied “do you approach me like everyone else”. Rav Yoizef caught the hint and immediately went home to make preparations like one does when traveling to visit his Rebbe. His Rebbetzin asked him “where you traveling to?” “To Liska to spend Shabbos basking in the holiness of the tzadik Rav Tzvi Hersh! The Rebbetzin was perplexed and confused but bid him farewell as he packed a little suitcase and went to the local Hachnosos Orchim where guests used to stay when spending Shabbos or Yom Tov in Liska. It did look a little strange when Rav Yoizef settled in to the Hachnosos Orchim as a pushiter Chusid spending Shabbos in the presence of his Rebbe……but everyone understood there is something lying beneath the unusual and strange behavior.
And so it was all Shabbos…….Rav Yoizef partaking in the davening and Tishen as an ordinary Chusid.
Motzei Shabbos as is the custom among Chasidim is the time for bidding farewell to one’s Rebbe known as “gezaginen”—you submit a kivitel and hope for a brocha and you return home in an elevated status after spending Shabbos in an atmosphere of supreme kedusha.
And so it was the turn of Rav Yoizef to enter the inner sanctorum of Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska. “After the customary questions Rav Tzvi Hersh asked his son-in-law the Chusid “is there a specific request that you have” “Yes, there is. I am asking for a bracha for parnosah!” “What is your parnasah” asked Rav Tzvi Hersh”?
“I am a timber merchant-I travel periodically to the city and negotiate the acquisition of timber to resell in local markets”. “Please tell me the process” urged Rav Tzvi Hersh. “I “handle” with the goyim until I press down the price”……”Ah I have heard enough! Rav Tzvi Hersh elaborated-when you begin your discussions and the price is fair do not attempt to push down the price in order for you to leave enough of a spread for your profit…..”When you allow someone else to profit you will always have hatzlocha in your business ventures!
It is said that from then on forward Rav Yoizef Goldberg began his journey to wealth.
How to give Tzadakah
An incredible story which illustrates his midos tzedakah has become a hallmark for those that want to emulate the finer point of giving tzadakah.
Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska was asked by his Chasidim to spend a Shabbos in the city of Munkatch. As was customary people flocked to his place of residence to give kvitlach and receive brachos. Among the many multitudes was an individual who broke down with a pitiful story of the man’s daughter who was engaged for two years with no wedding date set as the dowry that was promised was beyond the reach of him as his financial ability made it impossible for him to fulfill his promise thus delaying his strong desire to marry off his daughter. The Liska Rov asked him “how much are you missing-how much do you need?” The man responded “I need 100 ranish” which was a vast amount of money at that time. The Liska Rov immediately gathered all the money necessary from the money that was lying on his table and handed it to the needy individual.
Standing at the side of the table and observing this episode was a very prominent man who questioned Rav Tzvi Hersh inquiring “why did the Rebbe find it necessary to personally solve this person’s financial problem-wouldn’t it be preferable to have him collect from many people smaller amounts until he reached the amount of money required for his daughter’s wedding?
The Rebbe responded to the man’s directness by saying I would like to tell you a story. “In my youth, I was a melamed and poverty was very prevalent. One year I developed a very strong desire to travel to Belz for Shavuos to bask in the holiness of the Sar Shalom of Belz. I did not have the funds required to travel so without an alternative I began my journey by foot-when I arrived in Lemberg my feet was swollen from traveling a great distance. I went to the local shul to rest. I noticed a group of Chasidim arrive with several carriages carried by horses from Munkach who were on their way to Belz and used this stopover to replace to replace the horses that were weary from their long journey. There was one person who stood out as their leader. I approached him and asked him if he could allow me to travel with them to Belz. He responded by saying you will need to pay me 60 gratzer. I pleaded with him that I don’t have one gratzer in my possession and I showed him my swollen feet and pleaded with him stating that I have suffered up until this point and of my strong desire to spend Shavuos in Belz. He replied by giving me advice to gather the necessary funds by going to collect the 60 gratzer as there is still two hours left until we depart on our journey to Belz. If I don’t come up with this amount I won’t be able to join them.
Without an alternative and with my strong desire burning to spend Shavuos in Belz I had no choice but to go out and attempt to collect the 60 gratzer. It was customary in those days to ask charity in the form of money or material to exchange for money. As I walked into the first store I was asked “money or material?” I replied material thinking it would be easier to accumulate to 60 gratzer utilizing this method. I was given a feather. The second store repeated the same format-“money or material?”…again I asked for material-I was given a button and so it was when I entered the third store……”money or material?”-I was given a needle. As I was asked this question from the owner of the fourth storeowner I realized that although I possess a feather, button and needle I won’t be able to raise the 60 gratzer and one hour had passed. I broke down and cried out my great anguish!! This storeowner had pity on me and gave me the 60 gratzer for my journey. I was overjoyed and made my back and paid my share and I was on my way to Belz for Shavuos.
From then on I took it upon myself that when I would be approached by a poor person I would contribute the entire amount and not send him to collect from others”.
As Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska concluded retelling this story he told the person who raised the question saying ” this lesson I learned from you-you were the person who taught me to give tzadakah in the entire amount as you were that person-I recognize you even though you don’t recognize me”. That person broke down asking forgiveness.
Tochocho
The Liska Rav was known for his wisdom which enhanced his ability to become the manhig hador with the masses respecting his desire to improve upon the state of yiddishkeit during the era of Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska when chasidus flourished in Hungary.
A yid once came to Liska to ask for a brocha from the tzaddik for parnassah and other worldly requests. Rav Tzvi Hersh asked him: “How are you conducting yourself in regards to shmiras shabbos, taharas hamishpocha and other yesodei of yiddishkeit?” The man replied: “I came to the Rebbe to ask for a brocha for parnassah. I didn’t come to discuss my ways in yiddishkeit.” The Liska Ruv replied “Let me tell you a story… There was once a yid who traveled to the big city to purchase a wagon full of goods to sell back home among the villages and towns of his vicinity. The custom was for a man to spend several days spending at the wholesaler selecting the products that he would later sell. It so happened that one year as he was returning from his trip to the city in the middle of the night, his wagon got stock in the mud and when he got of to check what was wrong, he realized that one of the wheels of the wagon was broken and he would have needed a certain oil to fix it to be able to continue his journey home. He didn’t know what to do. Suddenly it dawn to him to return on foot to the wholesaler to ask him if he had the needed oil. He knocked on the man’s door and cried out to the wholesaler for the oil so he can return to his family. The wholesaler handed him the oil and wished him a safe journey home. As he continued on his way he noticed another wagon stock in the mud with the same problem as his wagon. He told the owner of the other wagon that if he needed the oil to fix the wheel, he should go to the wholesaler in the city; he for sure will be helpful. The man so did it. He went and knocked on the wholesaler’s door. The wholesaler yelled out asking who is bothering him at the middle of the night. The man replied that he needed oil to fix his wagon. The wholesaler responded that he is not an oil merchant and was upset that he was being woken. “I was told that you possessed this oil only by a man I met an hour ago, and that you gave him the oil graciously.” The wholesaler began to exclaim “Why don’t you understand what happened here? A man comes to me and spends week purchasing merchandise for his business. He encountered a problem on his way to home, so of course I would help him out by giving him oil that I had in my possession. But you just come here for my oil?”
Reb Tzvi Hersh explained “When a man comes to me for a derech in avdus Hashem and wants to improve his state of yiddsihkeit and wants to be close to Hashem, desiring to be able to follow in the footsteps of our ancestors and is endeavoring to assemble mitzvos and maasim tovim, yet requires a bracha so he should be matzliach– it is my duty to intervene in his behalf. But oil merchant, I am not!” eluting to the story which he just told over.
B’Darchai Noam Al Pi Chasidus
Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska often traveled, even as a manhig of thousand Chasidim, to other cities. His wisdom was legendary only coupled with his ability to convey his wishes bedarchei noam. One such story illustrates his derech.
The Ach Pri Tevuah was once shabbos in Hust, the hometown of the famous gaon, the Maharam Shick. On Friday night, before mincha, the Maharam Shik was mechabed Rav Tzvi Hersh with davening mincha for the amud. The Liska Ruv found himself in a dilemma. As it is known, it is the minhag among Chasidim to say hodu before mincha. On the one hand Reb Tzvi Hersh wanted to say hodu before mincha, but understood that the minhag hamakom was nusach ashkenaz, where hodu is not said, it was improper for him to not adhere to the local custom. He approached the Maharam Shick with a twinkle and said “Chuste Ruv, it is known that shabbos has a higher form of sanctity than yom tov. Shabbos comes regularly is a higher form of sanctity as opposed to yom tov that comes at pre-designated times throughout the year. Yet when shabbos and yom tov coincide the nusach hatfilla of yom tov takes precedence over shabbos. So it is between us as well. You, Chuste Rav, are the category of shabbos, you are here every week. I, on the other hand, in the category of yom tov, I am a guest. So I am respectfully requesting of you to allow me to say hodu.” With that the Chuste Rav graciously and smilingly said “Liska Ruv, let be it, say hodu.”
Different Methods-Same Goal
Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska was once invited to attend a hachnasas Sefer Tora in a town not far from Liska. The Liska Rebbe gave a drasha on shabbos. During the course of the drasha he extolled the virtues of the community, praised them for their virtues, especially for writing the Sefer Torah, and gave divrei chizuk. The following shabbos, the tzaddik, Rav Hillel of Kolemai who was also invited to the Hachnasas sefer Torah, but could not make it, came to visit. During the course of his drasha he greatly admonished the community giving them mussar about inyanei tzniyus which he observed was lacking in the home of the roshei hakehila and also the way they were selling aliyos on shabbos was not done the way of strictest Halacha. The town people were confused, one week they are being praised the other they are being rebuked. So they came to Liska to ask Rav Tzvi Hersh what was transpiring. The Liska Rav responded, by telling them “There are two types of manhigim. One is compared to Shifra as it says shaprei maasechem which is the mida that I was given by Hashem. I came to town and witnessed and saw the virtues of your community. The Kolemai Ruv, on the other hand, is in the category of Puah, which is in the category of yelling or admonishing. He observed what needed to be corrected in your community.
Rav Menachem Aish of Ungvar once told to Reb Wolf Goldberger, the grandson of Rav Tzvi Hersh of Liska, “Your grandfather, had he not become the rebbe of chassidim he would have conquered the world with his vast Torah knowledge.” Upon retelling the story to his grandfather, — Rav Tzvi Hersh commented the following “What can I do that if in the middle of learning I observe a poor orphaned child walking barefoot, I have pity and I feel compelled to close the gemara to collect money to by him shoes. With a chuckle he added, they are lucky that I became a rebbe. Otherwise they would not be considered such great talmidei chachamin.
Epilogue
Upon his histalkus on 14 AV, 1874, his son-in-law the legendary Gaon and tzadik Rav Chaim Friedlander ZATZAL, author of the Tal Chaim on Torah served as Rav in Liska for 30 years until his petirah on 9 Iyur, in 1904, whereby his son Rav Tzvi Hersh Friedlander (named after his grandfather) became the 3rd Rav and Rebbe in the Liska dynasty. He too, was known as a vast Torah scholar and authored over 30 seforim of which only one Shaarei Hayosher on sefer Tehilim survived Churban Europe but himself perished in the gas chambers of Auschwitz on 27 Iyur, 1944.
The remnants of Liska was transplanted in the United States by his son, Admor Rav Yoizef Friedlander ZATZAL, who established his kehilah, Ateres Tzvi M’Liska in the now Ir V’em B’Yisroel Boro Park where he was marbitz Torah and conducted himself in the mold of his origins until his untimely petirah at the age of 52, on 28 Shvat, 1971.
Today the mantle of Liska has been assumed by Hagaon Hatzadik Admor Rav Tzvi Hersh Friedlander Shlita who is widely recognized as a preeminent Talmid Chochom, mechaber sefer on Sugas HaShas, worthy of carrying forth the illustrious traditions of his forbears as Liska Rav residing in the Boro Park section of Brooklyn.
{Matzav.com Newscenter}
